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A splice variant of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1Ec in humans, IGF-1Eb in rodents) produced in response to mechanical loading of muscle tissue. Studies have investigated its role in satellite cell activation and muscle repair mechanisms.
Mechano Growth Factor is an alternatively spliced isoform of the IGF-1 gene that is expressed in response to mechanical stress, such as resistance exercise or muscle damage. Unlike systemic IGF-1, MGF acts primarily in an autocrine/paracrine manner within damaged muscle tissue. Its unique C-terminal E-domain peptide is responsible for activating quiescent satellite cells (muscle stem cells), promoting their proliferation and migration to sites of muscle damage. This satellite cell activation is a prerequisite for muscle fiber repair and hypertrophy. MGF is expressed transiently after mechanical loading, preceding the expression of other IGF-1 splice variants.
Yang SY, Goldspink G. Different roles of the IGF-I Ec peptide (MGF) and mature IGF-I in myoblast proliferation and differentiation. FEBS Lett. 2002;522(1-3):156-160.
Key finding: MGF promoted myoblast proliferation without inducing differentiation, while mature IGF-1 promoted differentiation, demonstrating distinct and sequential roles in muscle repair signaling.
Hill M, Goldspink G. Expression and splicing of the insulin-like growth factor gene in rodent muscle is associated with muscle satellite (stem) cell activation following local tissue damage. J Physiol. 2003;549(Pt 2):409-418.
Key finding: MGF expression was rapidly upregulated following muscle damage and preceded the expression of other IGF-1 isoforms, correlating with satellite cell activation and early muscle repair signaling.
| Type | Peptide (IGF-1 splice variant) |
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